[技术讨论] [学习笔记]Python爬取天气信息（我的第一个爬虫）

#coding=utf-8

import urllib.request,urllib.error
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bfs
import os
import re

def main(number):
    city_list = [
                'lastCountyId=58362; lastCountyPinyin=shanghai; lastCountyTime=1595925050',
                'lastCountyId=56294; lastCountyPinyin=chengdu; lastCountyTime=1591617161',
                'lastCountyId=59289; lastCountyPinyin=dongguan; lastCountyTime=1591612281',
                ]
    
    url = 'http://tianqi.2345.com/'
    
    html = askurl(url, city_list[number-1])
    data = getdata(html)
    return data

def format(string):
    str_len = len(string)
    max_len = 13
    if str_len >= 1 and str_len <= max_len:
        return string.center(max_len - str_len)
    else:
        return string

def askurl(url,cookkey):
    head = {
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'Cookie': 'qd_dz_ct=59289; sts=1; theme=-1; wc=59289; lc=59289; lc2=59289; wc_n=%25u4E1C%25u839E; ' + cookkey,
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.25 Safari/537.36 Core/1.70.3641.400 QQBrowser/10.4.3284.400'
    }
    
    req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=head)
    try:
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
        if response.chunked:
            print('访问：{} 失败！\n请检查网络是否可以正确的访问Internet！'.format(url))
            exit()
    except urllib.error.URLError as err:
        print('\n网络连接失败！\n请检查网络连接！', err)
        input('按任意键退出！')
        exit()
    html = bfs(response,'html.parser') #解析html
    # print(html)
    
    return html
def getdata(html):
    datalist = []
    datalist.append(html.find('em', class_="location-city location-font1").string)
    date_temp = html.find('p', class_="date").contents
    datalist.append(date_temp[0].string + ' ' + date_temp[2].string)
    datalist.append(date_temp[1].string)
    datalist.append(date_temp[3].string)
    #天气情况
    weather = html.find('a', class_="wea-info-index")
    datalist.append(weather.span.string + weather.b.string)
    datalist.append(html.find('a', class_="wea-other-a-we").string)
    datalist.append('空气质量：' + html.find('a', class_="wea-aqi-tip-index").em.string)
    weather = html.find('ul', class_="wea-info-tip").find_all('li')
    datalist.append(weather[0].span.string + ' : ' + weather[0].em.string)
    datalist.append(weather[1].span.string + ' : ' + weather[1].em.string)
    datalist.append(weather[2].span.string + ' : ' + weather[2].em.string)
    # print(datalist)
    
    #获取未来六天的天气数据
    tomorrow = [[],[],[],[],[],[]]
    
    def get_tomorrw(htmlobj, index): #相应数据
        temp = htmlobj.contents
        tomorrow[index].append(format(temp[1].text + ' ' + temp[3].text))
        tomorrow[index].append(format(temp[7].text))
        tomorrow[index].append(format(temp[9].text + ' ' + temp[11].text))
        tomorrow[index].append(format('空气质量：' + temp[13].text))

    info_tomorrow = html.find('ul', class_="weaday7 wea-white-icon")
    a_list = info_tomorrow.find_all('a')
    for day, index in zip(range(2,14,2),range(6)):
        get_tomorrw(a_list[day], index)
        
    #温度
    script = html.findAll('script')[-1]
    H = re.compile('var day7DataHight = \[(.*)\]')
    L = re.compile('var day7DataLow = \[(.*)\]')
    H_list = re.findall(H,str(script))[0].split(',')
    L_list = re.findall(L,str(script))[0].split(',')
    n = 0
    for i,j in zip(L_list, H_list):
        if not n:
            n+=1;continue
        tomorrow[n-1].insert(3, format(i + ' ~ ' + j))
        n+=1
    # print(datalist + tomorrow)    
    return datalist + tomorrow
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(main(3))
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